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Matsunaga Hisahide (1510-1577) was a daimyo of Japan.
A companion of Miyoshi Chokei, he was a retainer of Miyoshi Masaga from
the 1540s. He directed the conquest of the province of Yamato in the 1560s
and by 1564 had build a sufficient power-base to be effectively independent.
It is believed that he was conspiring against Chokei during this period,
from 1561 to 1563 three of Chokei's brothers died and his son Yoshioki. This
left Miyoshi Yoshitsugu the adopted heir when Chokei died in 1564, too young
to rule three men shared his guardianship - Miyoshi Nagayuki, Miyoshi
Masayasu, and Iwanari Tomomichi.
In 1565 the guardians and Hisahide worked together and dispatched an army
to capture Ashikaga Yoshiteru, the shogun, who was then either murdered or
forced to commit suicide, he was replaced by the child Yoshihide and the
shogun's brother Yoshiaki fled. In 1566 fighting started between Hisahide
and the Miyoshi. Initially the forces of Hisahide were unsuccessful and his
apparent destruction of the buddhist Todaiji temple in Nara was considered
an act of infamy.
In 1568 Oda Nobunaga, with the figurehead Yoshiaki, attacked Hisahide.
Nobunaga captured Kyoto in November and Hisahide was forced to surrender.
Yoshiaki was made shogun, a post he held only until 1573 when he attempted
to remove himself from Nobunaga's power. Hisahide kept control of the Yamato
and served Nobunaga in his extended campaigns against the Miyosi and others,
for a while. In 1573 Hisahide briefly allied with the Miyoshi, but when the
hoped for successes were not achieved he returned to Nobunaga to fight the
Miyoshi. In 1577 he split with Nobunaga again, this time Nobunaga turned on
him and besieged him at Shigi Castle. Defeated but defiant Hisahide
committed suicide, he ordered his head destroyed to prevent it becoming a
trophy and also destroyed a priceless tea kettle (Hiragumo) that Nobunaga
coveted before he died. His son Hisamichi was captured and later executed.
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