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Shikken (執権) was the regent of the
shogun in the
Kamakura shogunate in
Japan. The post was monopolized by the
Hojo clan.
Hojo Tokimasa, who was the son-in-law of first shogun
Minamoto no Yoritomo, assumed shikken for the first time in
1203. Shikken was the chief of
Mandokoro at that time. Replacing second shogun
Minamoto no Yoriie with
Sanetomo, he became the de facto ruler of the shogunate.
Tokimasa's son
Yoshitoki strengthened the post by integrating it with the chief
of
Samurai-dokoro after annihilating the powerful
Wada clan, who had dominated the position. Shikken became the
highest post beyond puppet shoguns in practice. In 1224 Yoshitoki's
son
Hojo Yasutoki set up
rensho (cosigner) as assistant regent.
At first shikken was occupied by
tokuso, the head of the Hojo clan, but
Hojo Tokiyori separated the two posts. He installed
Hojo Nagatoki as shikken while he made his son
Tokimune succeed tokuso. Effective power was moved from shikken
to tokuso.
List of shikken
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Hojo Tokimasa (r.
1203 -
1205)
-
Hojo Yoshitoki (r.
1205 -
1224)
-
Hojo Yasutoki (r.
1224 -
1242)
-
Hojo Tsunetoki (r.
1242 -
1246)
-
Hojo Tokiyori (r.
1246 -
1256)
-
Hojo Nagatoki (r.
1256 -
1264)
-
Hojo Masamura (r.
1264 -
1268)
-
Hojo Tokimune (r.
1268 -
1284)
-
Hojo Sadatoki (r.
1284 -
1301)
-
Hojo Morotoki (r.
1301 -
1311)
-
Hojo Munenobi (r.
1311 -
1312)
-
Hojo Hirotoki (r.
1312 -
1315)
-
Hojo Mototoki (r.
1315 -
1316)
-
Hojo Takatoki (r.
1316 -
1326)
-
Hojo Sadaaki (r.
1326)
-
Hojo Moritoki (r.
1326 -
1333)
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